Detergent compound.



252. COMPOSITIONS,

A. W. FOREE.

DETERGENT COMPOUND.

Armcmol FILED An. In. up.

Patented Oct 8, 1918.

means UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUSTINE W. FOREE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO DAVID S. APPLEGATE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DETERGENT COMIPOUN D.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8, 1918.

Application filed April 19, 1918. Serial No. 229,529.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTINE W. FOREE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Detergent Compounds, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a compound for removing grease, stain, and like spots and shine from wearing apparel and other textile fabric.

Among the objects of my invention is to provide a compound which when properly mixed may be molded and be placed on the market in solid form and preferably in the shape of a cake or block, so that it may be easily handled for rubbing over the surface of a garment for the purposes stated. In general, my novel compound is composed of a cleansing or detergent part and an abrasive part, the former serving to clean and remove stain, dirt, grease, and the like from the garment, and the latter serving to.mechanically loosen the embedded and surface spots and also to raise a new nap or pile over the area of the cloth being treated. A further object of my invention is to form the abrasive part of my improved mixture of a harmless abrasive which will accomlish the purposes for which it is intended,

ut which will not out or otherwise injure the fabric in being rubbed over the same during the cleaning operation. The shine on worn garments is due in part to the original pile or nap of the cloth being worn off by friction and the abrasive part of my compound 1n the rubbing of the same over such portion of the garment acts to raise a new nap or pile on such worn portion of the garment and thus removes the shine therefrom. A still further object of my invention is to provide a compound composed of the several ingredients as hereinafter set forth and in approximately the proportions stated.

The invention consists further in the matters hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cake or block of material composed of a mixture of ingredients compounded in accordance with my invention; and

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, enlarged sectional view of a portion of said cake or block, and

illustrating that the same contains as one of its ingredients an abrasive part,the grains of which are spherical so as to be devoid of sharp edges or corners, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

My novel compound for accomplishing the purposes set forth is composed of the following ingredients mixed together in approximately the following proportions and in substantially the following manner. For convenience of description, the formula of my novel mixture may be divided into two main parts, first, the cleansing or detergent part, which possesses the cleaning or detergent properties, and, second, the abrasive part, which serves to mechanically loosen 0th the embedded and adhering surface spots and to raise a new pile or nap on the places being treated. The cleansing part of my formula comprises four gallons of water and five pounds of boraxated soap chips, to which is added eight ounces of powdered borax in solution and two ounces of sodium nitrate. In mixing such ingredients, the water is heated in any suitable manner, preferably by a water bath, and the soap chips added and stirred until the soap is melted, at no time allowing the temperature to drop below the melting point of the soap, namely, approximately 90 F. This temperature is maintained until the soap is completely melted and in the form of a solution. Then the borax solution is added and stirred until thoroughlv mixed. Thereupon the temperature is lowered, to, say, approximately 65 to 70 F., and the sodium nitrate in solution is added and stirred until the compound begins to thicken. The benefits derived from the borax and sodium nitrate are that they aid in the emulsion of the soap solution and insure the saponification of any free fats and at the same time add to the compound cleansing or detergent properties.

The second partof my formula comprises the abrasive, which consists of a mixture of three and one-half pounds of bandin sand No. 1; two and one-quarter pounds 0 banding sand No. 2; three-quarters of a pound of IEI IllQI SZ QIf QlZhQILIIIIUSOIIQI earth; and one and one-half ounces of aqua-ammonia,preferably 26 degrees concentrate. The ammonia is added to and absorbed by the fullers earth and thoroughly mixed as by crutching with the sand or silica. I have found by experiments with many different 110 fstated, the two kinds of abrasives that banding sand is the most desirable for the purpose for which it is here used. It is insoluble in any solvent used for cleaning purposes and cannot stain the cloth. The grains of the sand'are globular or spherical in shape and therefore are devoid of any sharp edges or corners which if present would readily cut and injure the cloth when the compound is rubbed over the same. In Fig. 2 of the drawings I have shown a fragmentary, enlarged sectional view of the product containing the silica and wherein the globular or spherical grains thereof are indicated by a. The purpose of the silica is twofold, namely, it serves to mechanically abrade the surface of the cloth being cleaned so as to loosen the adhering foreign matter from the garment, and at the same time raises a new pile or nap on the worn part of the cloth for removing the shine. Fullers earth is used in my mixture as an absorbent and a filler and materially aids in absorbing the grease and other foreign matter from the portion of the cloth being cleaned, and also makes the detergent properties of the ammonia more permanent as used in this connection. The ammonia has the peculiar property of opening up and softening the fiber of the fabric, and when used in the proper proportions is one of the best known detergents for spots of an acid nature, such as fruit and like stains. After {the cleansing and abrasive parts of my lformula have been prepared in the manner arts are then mixed together in the fol owing proportions, when produci one gallon of my novel compound: 0 make such a quantity of said compound, I take two pounds and four ounces of the cleansing compound above described and add to it the abrasive compound, in the proportions heretofore set forth, to which three ounces of chlorid of sodium is added. In mixing the ingredients to form the completed product, the compound is maintained warm and in solution by a water bath and the ingredients mixed as by a crutcher, which is maintained at the speed desired for the purpose. When thoroughly mixed, the chlorid of sodium is added and stirred until the compound begins to thicken. Thereupon the mass is in I a condition permitting it to be placed in mold forms for the purpose of making it in cake or block size, such as shown in Fig. 1, of the drawings. The chlorid of sodium is used to harden the compound and to set fugitive colors. After the mixture has been compounded and formed in a size to conveniently handle, such as in cakes or blocks 10 as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, it is used to remove spots and shine from garments in the following manner: The garment is placed on a supporting surface, such as a pressing board or table,'and brushed well to remove the dust. A sponge or cloth is dipped in clean warm water and squeezed out and then the parts of the garment are sponged or wiped well with such sponge or cloth. Then my cleaning compound when in a cake or block 10 is rubbed edgewise (not the broad surface) over the sponged parts. The rubbing is done lightly but firml and preferably one way, not back and fort 1, but in the direction of the pile of the cloth. During such process the cleansing or detergent portion of my mixture serves to remove the grease spots and other foreign matter which has adhered to the surface of the garment and become embedded in the fiber thereof. The silica sand acts as the abrasive and serves not only to loosen the dirt and foreign matter which has adhered to the surface of the garment,

but, after such matter has been removed, serves to raise a new pile of nap on the worn parts and thus remove the shine. After the cleaning operation, the garment is again sponged with clean water and allowed to dry, whereupon the garment is pressed. I

I claim as my invention:

1. A dry fabric-sponging composition consisting of a cleanlng component comprising a mixture of soap, borax, absorbed ammonia and sodium nitrate and an abrading component comprising a mixture of rounded sand, fullers earth and sodium chlorid.

2. A dry fabric-sponging composition consisting of an abrading component comprising a mixture of rounded sand, five and three-quarters pounds; fullers earth, threequarters of a pound, and sodium chlorid, three ounces; absorbed ammonia, and substantially two and one-quarter pounds of a cleaning component comprising a mixture of soap, five pounds; borax, eight ounces, and sodium nitrate, two ounces.

3. A dry, friable, fabric-sponging tablet, comprising amixture of soap, borax, sodium nitrate, rounded sand, fullers earth, absorbed ammonia and sodium chlorid.

' Intestimony that I claimthe foregoing as my invention, I afiix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses, this 16th day of April, 1918.

AUGUSTINE w. FOREE.

Witnesses:

DAVID S. APPLEGATE, EUGENE C. WANN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatents,

' Washington, D. O. Y j 

